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  • Given any Context-Free-Grammar, $G$, and another in Chomsky Normal Form, $G_c$, how can we check if both $G$ and $G_c$ generate the same language?

One of the trivial ways I know of is to convert $G$ into a CNF form. which motivates my second question,

  • Can two different Context-Free-Grammars in CNF, $G_c$ and $G_c^\prime$, generate the same language? (I would appreciate a proof of it)
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    $\begingroup$ Equivalence of CFGs is undecidable. $\endgroup$
    – G. Bach
    Commented Sep 22, 2013 at 15:08

2 Answers 2

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Chomsky normal forms are not unique. If they were, we'd have an algorithm for deciding whether two CF grammars are equal. But equivalence of CF grammars is undecidable.

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Compare $$\begin{align}S &\to AB \\ B &\to BB \\ A &\to a \\ B &\to b\end{align}$$ With $$\begin{align}S &\to AB \\ A &\to AB \\ A &\to a \\ B &\to b \end{align}$$ By what comparison would these grammars be equal?

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