I am trying to find references on a particular idea, but I don't know which keywords to use in a google search.
the idea is: as an example, consider graph search. maybe the problem is: find a path from node $X$ to node $Y$. We can consider two versions of this problem:
For any node $n$, we can query only the information: which other nodes are connected to it?
For any node $n$, we can additionally query the information: what is the "airplane distance" between $n$ and $Y$.
Clearly, if we have the additional information from (2), we can construct a larger set of possible search algorithms, in particular, ones that are faster.
My question is: What terminology/keywords do I need to search to read about this phenomenon that some search algorithms have more "heuristic" information at their disposal than others, and can therefore employ better search heuristics?