Is there any specific (and well known/famous) model/theory that proposes that the universe is an oracle machine?
Physicist Roger Penrose said his book "The Shadows of the Mind"
It would be just as possible, in principle, to have a universe that runs deterministically as an oracle machine as it would to have one that runs deterministically in a Turing machine
But I could not find any specific model. Do you know of any? Did Turing himself propose that?