Given
$$ a_1 X_1 + \dots + a_n X_n = b $$
where $a_i, b \in \Bbb{Z}$. How do you come up with a clearer picture of the solution set in polynomial time.
Also, what I really want is to do the above, but under the minimization of:
$$ X_1 + \dots + X_n, \ X_i \in \Bbb{N} $$
All my $X_i$ are bounded with small sets such as $\{0, 2\}$ for small input instances of my certain problem, however I can't very well try $2^n$ or more possibilities, now can I! That would not be polynomial time.