I am starting a personal bibliographic research on type-checking algorithms and want some tips. What are the most commonly used type-checking algorithms, strategies and general techniques?
I am particularly interested in complex type-checking algorithms that were implemented in widely known strongly static typed languages such as, for example, C++, Java 5+, Scala or others. I.E, type-checking algorithms that are not very simple due to the very simple typing of the underlying language (like Java 1.4 and below).
I am not per se interested in a specific language X, Y or Z. I am interested in type-checking algorithms regardless of the language that they target. If you provide a answer like "language L that you never heard about which is strongly typed and the typing is complex has a type-checking algorithm that does A, B and C by checking X and Y using the algorithm Z", or "the strategy X and Y used for Scala and a variant Z of A used for C# are cool because of the R, S and T features that works in that way", then the answers are nice.