# Does last carry bit get added onto the sum calculated by full adder?

Note: This problem is from Introduction to Computing Systems: From Bits and Beyond(2nd) edition, 3.15, page 86.

The Problem:

I was able to do the problem and ended up with sum being 0010 and the last carry bit of 1.

Using a tow bit full adder, would the last carry bit be appended to the beginning of the sum, making it 10010(18 the correct answer with decimal alue addition)) or does it get omitted, making the answers different?

If it does get appended, how would I justify the answers are the same? The full adder takes account carry bits and binary bits?

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Addition on $w$-bit registers (or memory locations) is effectively addition modulo $2^w$, that is the carry bit is thrown away. However, on x86 CPUs at least, before getting thrown away, it is copied to the carry flag or overflow flag (so the carry bit is actually not thrown away). An additional instruction, "add with carry", adds two inputs together with the carry flag. Using these instructions, you can (1) detect overflow (which happens if the carry flag is set), and (2) implement addition on multiples on $w$ bits. For example, suppose you want to add two integers $x_1x_0$ and $y_1y_0$, where $x_i,y_i$ is each a $w$-bit memory location. You first add $x_0$ and $y_0$, and then add $x_1$ and $y_1$ along with the carry.