Usually, in MR images one hypothesis research communities are making is, " the spatial intensity distribution is piecewise constant and that each tissue corresponds to a unique grayscale level. Based on that hypothesis, a valid correction method should lessen the standard deviation in intensity for each tissue."(Paper below)
Belaroussi, B., Milles, J., Carme, S., Zhu, Y. M., & Benoit-Cattin, H. (2006). Intensity non-uniformity correction in MRI: existing methods and their validation. Medical Image Analysis, 10(2), 234-246.
Now, in case of underwater images, is THIS hypothesis valid considering the fact that artificial lighting conditions, ocean floors and objects as well as object colours may vary in any two subsequent frames?
What about the in-class variances, before and after the correction of bias/illumination?
Image courtesy: Woods and Hole Oceanographic Institute
For more images: habcam.whoi.edu/gallery/