I've been tasked with building a library of books on algorithms for our small company (about 15 people). The budget is more than 5k, but certainly less than 10k, so I can buy a fair number of books. All people here have at least a Bachelor's degree in CS or a closely related field, so while I will get some basic textbook like Cormen, I'm more interested in good books on advanced topics. (I will get Knuth's 4 volumes, BTW.)
Some list of topics would be:
Sorting algorithms
Graph algorithms
String algorithms
Randomized algorithms
Distributed algorithms
Combinatorial algorithms
etc.
Essentially I'm looking for good recommendations on books about major topics within CS related to algorithms and data structures. Especially stuff that goes beyond what's typically covered in algorithm and data structure classes as part of a Bachelor's degree at a good school. I know the question is quite fuzzy, since I'm looking for generically useful material. The software we develop is mostly system level stuff handling large amounts of data.
The ideal would also be to find anything that would cover fairly recent cool data structures and algorithms, which most people might not have heard about.
EDIT: Here are some preliminary books that I think I should get:
Introduction to Algorithms by Cormen et al.
Algorithm Design by Kleinberg, Tardos
The Art of Computer Programming Vol 1-4 by Knuth
Approximation Algorithms by Vazirani
The Design of Approximation Algorithms by Williamson, Shmoys
Randomized Algorithms by Motwani, Raghavan
Introduction to the Theory of Computation by Sipser
Computational Complexity by Arora, Barak
Computers and Intractability by Garey and Johnson
Combinatorial Optimization by Schrijver
A few other books my colleagues wanted that deal with techniques and algorithms for language design, compilers and formal methods are:
Types and Programming Languages by Pierce
Principles of Model Checking by Baier, Katoen
Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools by Aho, Lam, Sethi, Ullman
The Compiler Design Handbook: Optimizations and Machine Code Generation, Second Edition by Srikant, Shankar
The Garbage Collection Handbook: The Art of Automatic Memory Management by Jones, Hosking, Moss