# All Questions

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4 views

### Observations about the structure of an optimal BST

My question is about part 15.5 in CLRS (third edition), on optimal binary search trees. I am confused about the following sentences: Consider any subtree of a binary search tree. It must contain keys ...
5 views

### How to convert SDF to CSDF graph?

A sample example of Synchronous Data Flow (SDF) graph (from here): How to convert it to Cyclo-Static Synchronous Data Flow (CSDF) graph?
15 views

### Largest sum of a contiguous subarray using queries of the same form

We are given an array $A[1..n]$. We don't have direct access to $A$, but we can query what is the sum of $A[i..j]$ for every interval $i..j$. We would like to find the maximum of $A[i..j]$ over all ...
19 views

### Sorting an array with x sorted subarrays

I have been given two True/False questions regarding sorting an array. The questions are as following - Question A Given an array A with 3n keys that contains three equal parts A[1,n], A[n+1,2n] and ...
8 views

### Cyber Security Vulnerability Report Writing [closed]

I am writing a vulnerability report for an online application storing personnel data in a 3rd party server and have some questions about how to do it. If you can answer any please do, any answer and ...
11 views

### What is the difference between content type and content description in MIME header?

I am following article which says-: Content type-: defines the data present in body of message. eg-: text,image,video,application etc. Content description-: It is used when body of message can't be ...
22 views

### Pattern finding in an array of numbers

I have an array of numbers, and I need to check if there is a repeating pattern in the array. Like, for example, if I have an array A=[1,1,6,1,1,6,1,1,6,1,1,6...] this should return "Yes" (...
38 views

### Whats the signifgance of Conway's Game of Life?

I've seen Conway's game of life mentioned in different circles and it seems many people (myself included) have made an implementation of it at one point or another. Other than the fact that it is ...
32 views

### Is there a better way to optimize my algorithm for maximizing order volume?

I'm trying to find an efficient algorithm to solve the following ... During the day, a supermarket will receive calls from customers who want to place orders. The supermarket manager knows in advance ...
22 views

### Is it possible to find length of sum of two binary numbers without calculating sum?

I'm doing an assignment where I need to multiply two 16 bit numbers and store result as an 16 bit integer array. a is binary with length of ...
25 views

### Books about data structures and algorithms but specifically focusing on parallel gpgpu programming

I'm looking for a book on the subject of algorithms and data structures, but I want to specifically learn about the parallel implementations. Books that teach CUDA and OpenCL usually have small ...
44 views

### What is “the modifiers data structure” [closed]

One of my Client asking me, They need "the modifiers data structure". I need to provide this information to them. I am not sure what they are asking. Could anyone please help me out ...
23 views

### C++ not running in VS code [closed]

Can you please help how to resolve this error ?? Also running .\hello in terminal is giving no output and doing nothing. Not even showing up an error.
19 views

### How to close an open polygonal chain such that the resulting enclosed area includes polygon B and excludes polygon C?

I have an algorithmic question for you: Given: 3D triangle surface mesh, open polygonal chain A, closed polygon B, closed polygon C, all on the mesh. Wanted: A line that closes A such that B lies ...
24 views

### How to close an open polygonal chain in clock- or counterclockwise direction?

I have an algorithmic problem that I am hoping someone can help me out with: Given: 3D triangle surface mesh, an open polygonal chain (blue). Wanted: A line that closes the blue line in clockwise ...
45 views

### Why is the time complexity of the Bit Manipulation solution to Binary Addition O(M + N)?

I am trying to understand why the time complexity of the Bit Manipulation solution (https://leetcode.com/problems/add-binary/solution/) to the Binary Addition problem is O(M + N), where M and N are ...
29 views

### Fast text comparison algorithm for long texts

I want to calculate a similarity ratio between two long texts (by "long", I imply something around 1000 characters or higher). For example, two texts with only one word changing should have ...
14 views

### Voice activation keywords algorithms on iot devices?

I've been scouting the internet for days and after a lot of digging, I decided to resort to my last hope and ask: I'm talking about the "hey Google", "Alexa" and so on voice ...
17 views

### Padding in proof of space hierarchy theorems

Referring to the Wikipedia proof : Wikipedia proves the space hierarchy theorem using the following language:  L = \{ (\langle M \rangle, 10^k) : \text{$M$ does not accept $(\langle M \rangle, 10^k)$...
49 views

### Is it possible to recover induction for nat from W-types?

W-types generalize the type of well-founded trees, i.e., possibly infinetely branching trees. I understand that inductive types may be encoded as such in dependent type theory (CIC, MLTT, etc), this ...
70 views

### Seemingly simple path finding problem, but graph with travelling salesman or shortest path does not work [closed]

I deleted the crosspost in mathematics (see comments for explanation), can someone please reopen this question? I am looking for an algorithm to a problem that I encountered when working with 3D ...
30 views

### Determine if for given some $L$, $S_L={L(M) : <M>\in L}$ then for any $L$, if $S_L=RE$ then $L\in R$ is True or False and explain

Determine if for given some $L$, $S_L=\{\ L(M) | <M>\in L \}$ then for any $L$, if $S_L=RE$ then $L\in R$. Correct or Incorrect and explain why. I think the claim is incorrect, and I'm trying ...
45 views

### Is there a difference between extremely slow growing functions and constants with respect to computable functions?

So let's say we have the function $f(n)$ that gives $k$ such that $k$ is the smallest number that gives a busy beaver function $B$ value from input $k$ that is greater than $n$. Or more succinctly the ...
27 views

### Counting substrings of a string that do not contain a given string

Let's say we have a string $s[0..n-1]$ and a pattern $p[0..m-1]$ with $m < n$. I am looking for an $O(nm)$ solution to the following problem: find the number of substrings of $s$ not containing $p$ ...
44 views

### Lower bound on worst-case time complexity of all sorting algorithms neglecting reading input and accessing elements time

We know that the worst-case time complexity of any comparison sorting algorithm is $\Omega(n\log n)$. Is there a lower bound on the worst-case running time of sorting algorithms of any type? Not just ...
27 views

### How to sample the most unique vectors from a very large set efficiently?

While this question already exists and does talk about a heuristic with the Farthest Point First technique, I would like to approach the problem in a more efficient way. I do agree that this is an NP ...
6 views

### What if the samples in the dataset are fairly naturally similar to each other, would that be considered as data redundancy?

I am working on building ML/DL solution for a problem where that data is considered, naturally similar and I am worried if that would be considered as data redundancy. My question is, is that so? and ...
22 views

### Deletion in B Trees

Given a B-Tree that contains the keys $k$ and $2k$, we know the height of the tree will be reduced if we delete the key $k$. Prove or disprove: The height of the tree will also reduce if we remove $2k$...
21 views

### Given a vertex in a digraph, is there a standard term for (the vertices reachable from it) union (the vertices reaching it)?

Question in title. Looking for whether there is a term that is, if not widely understood, at least citeable to a source. This is equivalent to asking for the set of nodes that are comparable to the ...
13 views

### Why can we apply standard matrix operations in data matrix but not in record data?

Tan,Steinbech,Kumar book says-: A data matrix is a variation of record data, but because it consists of numeric attributes,standard matrix operation can be applied to transform and manipulate the ...
30 views

### If in a given text the frequency of the letter A is 0.5, then the number of bits encoding in the Hoffman code for the text is 1

Studying for my finals. I saw the following question: Prove or disprove: If in a given text the frequency of the letter A is 0.5, then the number of bits encoding in the Hoffman code for the text is ...
17 views

### Runtime of enumerating all integer vectors with a given sum where every element is greater than sqrt(k)

The problem of enumerating all lists of integers such that the list sums to a known value $k$ is well known and takes exponential time to compute. If the problem is restricted so that the integers ...
11 views

### What do we mean by permissible transformations in types of attributes-:nominal,ordinal,interval,ratio? [closed]

I am studying data mining and I stumbled upon types of attributes. They are Nominal Ordinal Interval Ratio Data mining book by Tan,Steinbech,Kumar says Permissible transformations for-: nominal-:...
28 views

### Add more button not working for my javascript code [closed]

the add more button is not working on my code attached is the code in JavaScript ...
193 views

### Why are Regular sets not closed under infinite unions and intersections? [duplicate]

Why are Regular sets not closed under infinite unions and intersections, with my flawled reasoning I came to a conclusion that since infinite unions can have no relationship between strings of a ...
30 views

### Which overhead is smaller - function call or passing variables between processes?

the question is related to networking frameworks; callback-based approach requires you to call a callback function every time you receive a new data packet; this is not a good approach for high-load ...
52 views

### What does an NP reduction look like?

From my theory of computation lecture I recall: If $A \le_m B$ and $B$ is decidable then $A$ is decidable (uses a computable function as a reduction). If $A \le_p B$ and $B$ is in P then $A$ is in P ...
15 views

### How to cover a surface with a predefined set of objects

I'm making a program that's supposed to be able to find pieces of wood in a dataset to cover a surface. For now I'm focusing on parallelepipedic shapes to simplify the problem (eventually I'd like it ...
18 views

### Necessary condition for 3-CNF unique satisfiability

I need to iterate through all formulas of 7 variables in 3-CNF which have unique satisfying assignment (1,1,1,1,1,1,1). I could iterate through all formulas which are true under that assignment -- ...
48 views

### A so-called random variable not being well-defined

Consider this algorithm: ...
54 views

### Are approximations to $#P$ gibberish? [closed]

approximations to #P are gibberish the model count in satisfiability (#P) implies straightforward access to a vast empire inside the logic of truth including N Boolean variables in a formula with N ...
42 views

### Are this languages can be represented by regular expressions?

The set of all words with the same number of 0’s and 1’s. The set of all words contained in {0,1}* that have an even number of 0’s and an odd number of 1’s. I guess first one is NO. Second one seems ...
20 views

### How do I solve regular expression expansion when I have “+” sign?

For example, I am given this and my output is: 11+11* = 11, 1, 11, 111, 1111, ...... Since + means or sign, my logic is: 11 appears once or more Then I work on solving 11* Is it perfect? Thanks.
26 views

### Is there a simple algorithm for generating unit tests given a function's code? [closed]

Given the abstract syntax tree (AST) of each line of a function's code, I am asked to generate code for that function's corresponding unit tests, similar to what Microsoft's IntelliTest tool does here:...
22 views

### Minimum unrooted binary spanning tree

Given a graph $G$ with $n$ tip vertices, $n-2$ internal vertices and a cost on each edge $C(v)$, find a minimum spanning tree subject to degree constraints: tips have degree $1$ internal vertices ...
119 views

### Four Queens Problem to a Conjunctive Normal Form

Given a chessboard with 4 rows and 4 columns (4x4) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Assign a Boolean variable to each cell of the board as below (1, 2, 3, etc. are variable names) If a ...
12 views

### Finding the disagreement coefficient for certain hypothesis classes and distributions

I need help with the following question: First some definitions, Let $\cal X \subseteq \mathbb R^d$ be some example domain and let $\cal H$ be a hypothesis class on a distribution $\cal D_\cal X$ ...
24 views

### The same transition twice in Pushdown automata (PDA)

If we want to design a PDA that accepts all words those the first half equals reverse of the second half and there is a '#' between them, "ab#ba" for example. We start push each letter we ...
I got black-box (too big to analyze) boolean formula f(...) with 3 sets of input arguments: $x_1... x_i, y_1... y_j, z_1... z_k$. And I want to find such values for x-arguments that for every y-...