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Let $v$ be a vertex with in-degree 0 in an (acyclic) DAG $G$, and let $F$ be a subset of $G$'s vertices (the "forbidden") vertices. Now suppose $U$ is a set of vertices such that every path from $v$ to $F$ intersects $U$.

Is there a commonly-used term for such sets? I was thinking about using the term "Front", but a (cursory and lazy) search tells me that's not a popular term. I can't use "cut", because that's reserved for sets of edges with the similar property (cutting off $v$ from $F$; usually $F$ is the subgraph of all vertices reachable from $A$ but not in $A$).

Also, suppose that $U$ is minimal, in the sense that for every $u$ in $U$, there's a path from $v$ to $F$ which intersects no other vertex of $U$. Is there a commony-used term for this kind of sets?

If it helps, I'm willing to refer to $v$ as a "source" and to $F$ as the set of "sinks".

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Wikipedia says that, for an undirected graph, you can say:

  • $A$ is the vertex separator for $v$ and $F$.
  • $A$ is the separating set for $v$ and $F$.
  • $A$ is the vertex cut for $v$ and $F$.

perhaps these terms are used for digraphs as well, even though "connected components" are not quite the same thing in digraphs.

edit: @PålGD suggests the variant "separator", similar to the second option.

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  • $\begingroup$ Yes, $U$ is a $v-F$ separator! $\endgroup$ Commented Mar 12, 2019 at 15:59
  • $\begingroup$ @PålGD: I'm asking whether this term is used often, not whether it fits... can you say a few words about where/when it has been used? $\endgroup$
    – einpoklum
    Commented Mar 12, 2019 at 17:28
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    $\begingroup$ Yes, separator is standard terminology for a vertex set that breaks a graph into several components, and a $u-v$ separator is a vertex set that removes (hits) all paths from $u$ to $v$. A cut is more often used when the set you remove is a set of edges, e.g. maxflow/mincut. $\endgroup$ Commented Mar 12, 2019 at 20:39

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