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Questions related to formal languages, grammars, and automata theory

4 votes
Accepted

Classes of languages for which the language $\{a_1^n \cdots a_k^n \mid n \geq 0\}$ is in the...

One example would be the hierarchy defined by blind counter automata. A blind $k$-counter automaton has access to $k$ counters for which there is an increment and a decrement instruction (and no zer …
Georg Zetzsche's user avatar
4 votes

regular expression of star-height 1

The language has star-height 2. Note that the language includes $R_0=(ba^+ba^+)^*$, but is disjoint from $R_1=(ba^+ba^+)^*ba^+$. Therefore, it suffices to show: Claim: If $L$ has star-height 1 and $R …
Georg Zetzsche's user avatar
2 votes

Regular expressions and semi-linear sets

The claim fails for two symbols. The Parikh image $M\subseteq \mathbb{N}\times\mathbb{N}$ of $(abb^*)^*$ is not linear: It is easy to see that for every finitely generated submonoid $N$ of $M$, there …
Georg Zetzsche's user avatar
8 votes
Accepted

Can there be a context-sensitive pumping lemma?

Here is some evidence that there is no pumping lemma for the context-sensitive languages. Of course, an answer hinges on the question what constitutes a pumping lemma. The weakest reasonable definit …
Georg Zetzsche's user avatar