Here is a proof that $0^*1^*$ is not regular, even though it is regular. I'm having a hard time figuring out what is wrong with the proof.
Assume $0^*1^*$ is regular. Let $p$ be the pumping length as defined by the pumping lemma. Let $s = 0^{p-1}11$, then $|s| \ge p$ and $s \in 0^*1^*$. According to the pumping lemma, we can split $s$ into three parts $s = xyz$ such that $|y|>0$, $|xy| \le p$, and $xy^iz \in 0^*1^*$ for $i \ge 0$. Let $x = \varepsilon$, $y = 0^{p-1}1$, and $z = 1$. Clearly, $|xy| \le p$ and $|y|>0$. However, $xy^2z = 0^{p-1}10^{p-1}11$ is not a member of $0^*1^*$. This is a contradiction to the pumping lemma, therefore $0^*1^*$ is not regular.
We know $0^*1^*$ is regular, building a NFA for it is easy. What is wrong with this proof?
y = 0^(p-1)1
which leads to the claim "expanding" withp-1
and thus claiming a contradiction. Start withy = 0^i1
, such that forall i >= 0, xy^iz in L
. Now apply the pumping lemma. $\endgroup$