Questions tagged [heaps]
The heaps tag has no usage guidance.
240
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Computing the index of the n^{th} ancestor of a node in a perfect binary tree / heap
I think you can compute the index of the n^{th} ancestor of the node at index i using the formula: $\lfloor i / 2^n \rfloor$ where $n \in \mathbf{Z}^+$. Note that I am assuming that the parent node is ...
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Two Questions About Fibonacci Heaps
I am learning about Fibonacci heaps from the following set of notes: http://staff.ustc.edu.cn/~csli/graduate/algorithms/book6/chap21.htm. There are 2 things that are confusing me.
Firstly, in the ...
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What is the maximum inverse pairs will I have when I build a heap?
Suppose that I have 7 different integers stored in an array. Among those arrange-
ments that can be viewed as a min heap, what is the maximum number of inverse pairs within the array?
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3
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Why is the heap data structure called 'heap'?
The term "heap" has majorly two meanings in computer science -
The "heap" memory in the context of memory management.
The "heap" data structure as the representation of ...
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Question about CLRS problem 19.4-1
I'm working on problem 19.4-1 from the CLRS book, which asks to show that the height of an n-node Fibonacci heap can be greater than O(lg n) by exhibiting a sequence of operations that creates a ...
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Partially sorted Max Heap
I need to convert a Max Heap to a "Partially Sorted Max Heap" such that all keys at depth i are smaller than all keys at depth i-1.
What is the most efficient way of doing this? Can this be ...
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Is there an algorithm that can get the minimal element of a min-heap in O(log* n)?
I came across this question when studying for an exam:
given a min-heap that has no prime numbers in it, is there an algorithm that can get and delete the minimum of that heap in O(log* n) ?
The ...
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Minimum Heap - Add k to all left keys and heapify efficiently
I've been trying to solve this problem:
Given a minimum heap $H$, which contains $n$ elements, where each of its keys contain natural numbers, as well as $k\in\mathbb{N}$.
Add the value $k$ to each ...
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216
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Removing k-smallest elements in a binary min-heap
Assuming a contiguous array implementation of a binary min heap with n elements, is it possible to remove the k-smallest elements in a faster time than $O(k \log n)$...
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If you took the permutations of an array and heapified it, will you always get the same heap?
In other words, if I have 10 arrays each with 10 of the same values but scrambled their order and heapified them all, is it possible to have different results?
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Why are nodes added from left to right in last level in a Heap?
I understand that in Heaps we add them from left to right. I understand how to add and delete. But why is it from left to right, is there something that prevents it from being right to left or ...
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Fixing the min-heap after subtracting a value from a couple random elements in it
Given a Min-Heap with $n$ elements.
Assume that we choose $\lceil \log_2n \rceil$ elements from the heap (not in any specific order/index's), and we subtract a value $k>0$ from all of their keys.
...
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Find the smallest difference between two numbers in a DS in O(1) time
I got an assignment to create a new data structure, with the following rules:
Init - O(1).
Insert x - O(log$_2$n).
Delete x - O(log$_2$n).
Search for x- O(log$_2$n).
Find max difference between two ...
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143
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Find the largest MinHeap subtree in a given Tree
We are given a rooted tree $T$ of distinct Natural numbers. The goal is to find the largest subtree of $T$ that has MinHeap property. In fact, we want to calculate the largest subset $S$ of nodes, in ...
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Dividing a binomial heap to 3 equal-sized binomial heaps
Given a binomial heap of $n$ nodes (where $n$ divides by 3), how can I split the heap to three binomial heaps with an equal number of nodes (every heap contains $n/3$ nodes).
The time complexity needs ...
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When is a max heap tree invariant under a root removal, followed by a re-insertion of the root?
Let $T$ be a max heap tree with no duplicate values amongst the nodes. When does $T$ satisfy the following.
Remove the root, and restructure the tree to satisfy the heap property.
Reinsert the root, ...
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Asymptotic height of d-ary heap
I know that the height of a $d$-ary heap on $n$ nodes is $\lceil (\log_d (n(d-1) + 1) - 1)\rceil$, but I was wondering how to justify that that's $\Theta(\log_d n)$?
I know the definition of $\Theta, ...
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How to define formula to determine which group does the element belong to?
I am trying to build a min-max heap tree, here's an example of the tree structure:
The tree is a complete binary tree
The index in the array of the tree root is 0 and it contains no element.
The left ...
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Runtime analysis with multiple parameters: case study with heaps in Huffman coding
While studying a book on algorithms, I came across a question that asked about essentially $d$-ary Huffman coding, where the codeword alphabet has $d$ symbols (the usual case has $d=2$, with symbols $...
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Is there a difference between Heapify and Bottom-Up/Top-Down heap construction, when using array representation of binary tree?
Won't both the methods ultimately give a max/min heap? So if I am given a binary tree, as an array, and am asked to convert it to a max heap, can I just use the bottom up construction of the heap?
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If both could be implemented with the other, what are the differences between priority queues and binary heaps?
I've red that a binary heap can be implemented using a priority queue. I've also red the opposite, that a priority queue can be implemented using a binary heap.
This seems strange to me as ...
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241
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How to make a Huffman tree
I'm trying to make a huffman tree based off of some words. I have the frequencies of each character stored using a hashtable, but i need to then make a minheap structure in order to then be able to ...
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What is the analysis that a heap's optimal branching factor is between 2 and 5?
I'm reading the book Advanced Algorithms and Data Structures. It makes the claim that the optimal branching factor $D$ for a heap satisfies $2 \le D \le 5$, and that it is most likely $3$ or $4$ ...
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finding max element in a min-max heap structure
I am trying to implement min-max heap structure
A min-max heap is a data structure that is identical to a binary heap, but the heap-order property is that for any node, X,
at even depth, the element ...
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242
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dijkstra with adjacency list and minimum heap as queue vs adjacency matrix and a normal array as "queue"
Which one should be faster? I have written a script comparing both run time, initially the implementation with adjacency list and minimum heap performs faster, but as the number of nodes/edges ...
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2
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161
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Kth largest element of a Min Heap of size K is always root element
Why the Kth largest element of a Min Heap of size K is always root element of the Min Heap ? How to prove this ?
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Having trouble calculating the asymptotic running time of MAX-HEAPIFY
I don't understand the $T(2n / 3)$ part in the recurrence relation for MAX-HEAPIFY in the book CLRS. There is another post that explains it but I can't realize it.
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When can a (max) heap be a BST?
Cheers, let's suppose we have a MAX heap which does not allow duplicate elements. Is it possible for this heap to be a BST ? Choose the right answer(s) below:
A heap can never be a BST
A heap is ...
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Given an array A and a minimum heap H which of the following are true?
I got this series of questions, each needs to either be proved or disproved (w/ example).
If $A$ is sorted in non-descending order, it is a valid minimum heap.
If $H$ is represented by $A$, therefore ...
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Find the median in a full min-heap with at most $\left \lfloor \frac{n}{2} \right \rfloor$ comparisons
I'm thinking to do this recursively using the fact the the left subheap is also a min-heap with its root being the minimum using some variation of Select$\left \lfloor \frac{n}{2} \right \rfloor$.
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M + N log N running time for Dijkstra
I'm taking the Design and Algorithms Part -II course in Coursera by professor Tim Roughgarden. In one of the classes, he mentioned that the running time for Dijkstra is $O(m \log n )$ using the heap ...
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Fibonacci Heap: Could i always consolidate?
Right now I am learning about Fibonacci heaps for the first time.
After the minimum Node of a Fibonacci heap is extracted you consolidate it, to give it a better structure and execute future ...
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How to do binary search on a path in a binary heap
I am trying to solve this question:
Let's say you have a binary heap and an index $i$, design an algorithm that finds if a number $x$ appears in the path between the root of the heap and $heap[i]$ in ...
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How to prove that a binary heap can't be sorted with complexity that better than O(nlogn)
I am trying to prove that you can't sort binary heap with better complexity than O(nlogn).
We proved at class that every sort based on comparison can't have better cocmplexity than O(nlogn) and i ...
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Why is the stack smaller than the heap?
From what I understand, stack and heap grow in opposite directions:
However, why is it then the case that the stack is sometimes statically allocated, and generally smaller than the heap?
We hear ...
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Memory allocation of priority queues
So, i faced this question during a pratice quiz
i have no idea why " all of the elements are located contiguously in memory " wrong!!
My logic is that priority queues are made of binary ...
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Fibonacci Heap that consolidates after every step
The lecturer of my graduate algorithms course suggested that, even if a Fibonacci Heap would consolidate its tree list after every operation (not just when doing deleteMin()), most operations would ...
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How to find diffrenet ways to implement merge and delete_min operation in binomial heap?
I have searched on the internet to find different ways to learn binomial heap operations. What I have found is not quite helpful for me.For example, for delete min operation the algorithm says:
...
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Why we can't create a binomial heap in max-heap format?
Why we can't create a binomial heap in max-heap format instead of min-heap format?
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How to derive the worst case time complexity of Heapify algorithm?
I would like to know how to derive the time complexity for the Heapify Algorithm for Heap Data Structure.
I am asking this question in the light of the book "Fundamentals of Computer Algorithms&...
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prove that in binary heap buildheap function does at most 2N-2 comparison
prove that in binary heap buildheap function does at most 2N-2 comparison
I don't know how should I prove it I need some hint thanks.
buildheap procedure: we have n element and we build a heap at ...
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k-th smallest element in sliding segment
Consider an array $a[1\ldots n]$ and another array $l = a[0]$ (initial value). At each turn we may add next element to array $l$, or remove first element from array $l$. F.e. after first iteration it ...
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Finding a maximum element in min heap
i need to say :
Where can be a maximum element in a min heap
when all the elements are different?
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Is the heap in "Data Structures Algorithms in Java" by Goodrich, Tamassia, and Goldwasser missing sentinel leaves?
In the book, Data Structures Algorithms in Java Sixth Edition by Goodrich, Tamassia, and Goldwasser on page 339, there is an
"Example of a heap storing 13 entries with integer keys. The last ...
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How to draw the heap for an array in Java?
I have an assignment to draw the heap after an ArrayList and a LinkedList is created.
...
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Why do we need MinHeap for Meeting Rooms 2 Leetcode problem
I came across this problem online which is a Leetcode premium problem. Most of the people are solving this using Minheap. To me using minHeap for this seems like repetitive way to solve a problem if ...
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Range search in a max-heap
I am having trouble with coming up for a suitable algorithm for this question. A max-heap is essentially visualized as a binary tree not a binary search tree. Also the runtime of the algorithm must ...
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Intuition behind the entire (amortized) concept of Fibonacci Heap operations
The following excerpts are from the section Fibonacci Heap from the text Introduction to Algorithms by Cormen et. al
The potential function for the Fibonacci Heaps $H$ is defined as follows:
$$\Phi(H)...
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What are the disadvantages of Fibonacci Heaps?
A Fibonacci heap is a data structure for priority queue / heap operations. It seems to have the best complexity for all operations:
Since it has the best performance, why not use it everywhere?
What ...
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Clarifying $\sum_{h=0}^{\lfloor lg(n)\rfloor}\lceil\frac{n}{2^{h+1}}\rceil O(h)=O(n\sum_{h=0}^{\lfloor lg(n)\rfloor}\frac{h}{2^h})$ in BUILD-MAX-HEAP
I was going the text Introduction to Algorithms by Cormen et. al. Where I came across a step in the analysis of the time complexity of the $BUILD-MAX-HEAP$ procedure.
The procedure is as follows:
<...
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